"Oracle recommends developers follow standard system development life cycle practices when developing applications by having three environments: development, testing, and production. As a best practice, developers should only make changes to applications and related database objects in their development environment. To further enforce this policy Oracle recommends using a runtime environment for both testing and production environments. This approach will prohibit developers from accessing the App Builder and SQL Workshop in these environments. As a general rule, your administrators (DBAs) should be the only ones with permission to update the test and production environments. DBAs should use the appropriate provided APIs and import applications from a SQL interface, such as SQL*Plus or Oracle SQL Developer Command Line." (1)