Terraform Tutorial

This page contains additional notes (based on testing on Oracle Linux 9) for the Terraform tutorial described here...

https://developer.hashicorp.com/terraform/tutorials/oci-get-started/install-cli

This page assumes Terraform has been installed

Build a Docker Container running NGINX

This section assumes Docker is installed and running

mkdir learn-terraform-docker-container

cd learn-terraform-docker-container

vi main.tf

terraform {  required_providers {    docker = {      source  = "kreuzwerker/docker"      version = "~> 3.0.1"    }  }}
provider "docker" {}
resource "docker_image" "nginx" {  name         = "nginx"  keep_locally = false}
resource "docker_container" "nginx" {  image = docker_image.nginx.image_id  name  = "tutorial"
  ports {    internal = 80    external = 8000  }}

terraform init

Initializing the backend...
Initializing provider plugins...- Finding kreuzwerker/docker versions matching "~> 3.0.1"...- Installing kreuzwerker/docker v3.0.2...- Installed kreuzwerker/docker v3.0.2 (self-signed, key ID BD080C4571C6104C)
Partner and community providers are signed by their developers.If you'd like to know more about provider signing, you can read about it here:https://www.terraform.io/docs/cli/plugins/signing.html
Terraform has created a lock file .terraform.lock.hcl to record the providerselections it made above. Include this file in your version control repositoryso that Terraform can guarantee to make the same selections by default whenyou run "terraform init" in the future.
Terraform has been successfully initialized!
You may now begin working with Terraform. Try running "terraform plan" to seeany changes that are required for your infrastructure. All Terraform commandsshould now work.
If you ever set or change modules or backend configuration for Terraform,rerun this command to reinitialize your working directory. If you forget, othercommands will detect it and remind you to do so if necessary.

sudo terraform apply

Terraform used the selected providers to generate the following execution plan. Resource actions are indicated with the following symbols:  + create
Terraform will perform the following actions:
  # docker_container.nginx will be created  + resource "docker_container" "nginx" {      + attach                                      = false      + bridge                                      = (known after apply)      + command                                     = (known after apply)      + container_logs                              = (known after apply)      + container_read_refresh_timeout_milliseconds = 15000      + entrypoint                                  = (known after apply)      + env                                         = (known after apply)      + exit_code                                   = (known after apply)      + hostname                                    = (known after apply)      + id                                          = (known after apply)      + image                                       = (known after apply)      + init                                        = (known after apply)      + ipc_mode                                    = (known after apply)      + log_driver                                  = (known after apply)      + logs                                        = false      + must_run                                    = true      + name                                        = "tutorial"      + network_data                                = (known after apply)      + read_only                                   = false      + remove_volumes                              = true      + restart                                     = "no"      + rm                                          = false      + runtime                                     = (known after apply)      + security_opts                               = (known after apply)      + shm_size                                    = (known after apply)      + start                                       = true      + stdin_open                                  = false      + stop_signal                                 = (known after apply)      + stop_timeout                                = (known after apply)      + tty                                         = false      + wait                                        = false      + wait_timeout                                = 60
      + ports {          + external = 8000          + internal = 80          + ip       = "0.0.0.0"          + protocol = "tcp"        }    }
  # docker_image.nginx will be created  + resource "docker_image" "nginx" {      + id           = (known after apply)      + image_id     = (known after apply)      + keep_locally = false      + name         = "nginx"      + repo_digest  = (known after apply)    }
Plan: 2 to add, 0 to change, 0 to destroy.
Do you want to perform these actions?  Terraform will perform the actions described above.  Only 'yes' will be accepted to approve.
  Enter a value: yes
docker_image.nginx: Creating...docker_image.nginx: Still creating... [10s elapsed]docker_image.nginx: Creation complete after 13s [id=sha256:eea7b3dcba7ee47c0d16a60cc85d2b977d166be3960541991f3e6294d795ed24nginx]docker_container.nginx: Creating...docker_container.nginx: Creation complete after 1s [id=2d14c09db09e288f3b266091018c9209e957cf94a44b59e0bdcb0a28e4e6b7e4]
Apply complete! Resources: 2 added, 0 changed, 0 destroyed.

sudo docker ps

CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                  COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS                    PORTS                                           NAMES2d14c09db09e   eea7b3dcba7e           "/docker-entrypoint.…"   About a minute ago   Up About a minute         0.0.0.0:8000->80/tcp                            tutorial

You should now be able to connect to nginx in your web browser using: http://localhost:8000

sudo terraform destroy

docker_image.nginx: Refreshing state... [id=sha256:eea7b3dcba7ee47c0d16a60cc85d2b977d166be3960541991f3e6294d795ed24nginx]docker_container.nginx: Refreshing state... [id=2d14c09db09e288f3b266091018c9209e957cf94a44b59e0bdcb0a28e4e6b7e4]
Terraform used the selected providers to generate the following execution plan. Resource actions are indicated with the following symbols:  - destroy
Terraform will perform the following actions:
  # docker_container.nginx will be destroyed  - resource "docker_container" "nginx" {      - attach                                      = false -> null      - command                                     = [          - "nginx",          - "-g",          - "daemon off;",        ] -> null      - container_read_refresh_timeout_milliseconds = 15000 -> null      - cpu_shares                                  = 0 -> null      - dns                                         = [] -> null      - dns_opts                                    = [] -> null      - dns_search                                  = [] -> null      - entrypoint                                  = [          - "/docker-entrypoint.sh",        ] -> null      - env                                         = [] -> null      - group_add                                   = [] -> null      - hostname                                    = "2d14c09db09e" -> null      - id                                          = "2d14c09db09e288f3b266091018c9209e957cf94a44b59e0bdcb0a28e4e6b7e4" -> null      - image                                       = "sha256:eea7b3dcba7ee47c0d16a60cc85d2b977d166be3960541991f3e6294d795ed24" -> null      - init                                        = false -> null      - ipc_mode                                    = "private" -> null      - log_driver                                  = "json-file" -> null      - log_opts                                    = {} -> null      - logs                                        = false -> null      - max_retry_count                             = 0 -> null      - memory                                      = 0 -> null      - memory_swap                                 = 0 -> null      - must_run                                    = true -> null      - name                                        = "tutorial" -> null      - network_data                                = [          - {              - gateway                   = "172.17.0.1"              - global_ipv6_address       = ""              - global_ipv6_prefix_length = 0              - ip_address                = "172.17.0.3"              - ip_prefix_length          = 16              - ipv6_gateway              = ""              - mac_address               = "02:42:ac:11:00:03"              - network_name              = "bridge"            },        ] -> null      - network_mode                                = "default" -> null      - privileged                                  = false -> null      - publish_all_ports                           = false -> null      - read_only                                   = false -> null      - remove_volumes                              = true -> null      - restart                                     = "no" -> null      - rm                                          = false -> null      - runtime                                     = "runc" -> null      - security_opts                               = [] -> null      - shm_size                                    = 64 -> null      - start                                       = true -> null      - stdin_open                                  = false -> null      - stop_signal                                 = "SIGQUIT" -> null      - stop_timeout                                = 0 -> null      - storage_opts                                = {} -> null      - sysctls                                     = {} -> null      - tmpfs                                       = {} -> null      - tty                                         = false -> null      - wait                                        = false -> null      - wait_timeout                                = 60 -> null
      - ports {          - external = 8000 -> null          - internal = 80 -> null          - ip       = "0.0.0.0" -> null          - protocol = "tcp" -> null        }    }
  # docker_image.nginx will be destroyed  - resource "docker_image" "nginx" {      - id           = "sha256:eea7b3dcba7ee47c0d16a60cc85d2b977d166be3960541991f3e6294d795ed24nginx" -> null      - image_id     = "sha256:eea7b3dcba7ee47c0d16a60cc85d2b977d166be3960541991f3e6294d795ed24" -> null      - keep_locally = false -> null      - name         = "nginx" -> null      - repo_digest  = "nginx@sha256:104c7c5c54f2685f0f46f3be607ce60da7085da3eaa5ad22d3d9f01594295e9c" -> null    }
Plan: 0 to add, 0 to change, 2 to destroy.
Do you really want to destroy all resources?  Terraform will destroy all your managed infrastructure, as shown above.  There is no undo. Only 'yes' will be accepted to confirm.
  Enter a value: yes
docker_container.nginx: Destroying... [id=2d14c09db09e288f3b266091018c9209e957cf94a44b59e0bdcb0a28e4e6b7e4]docker_container.nginx: Destruction complete after 0sdocker_image.nginx: Destroying... [id=sha256:eea7b3dcba7ee47c0d16a60cc85d2b977d166be3960541991f3e6294d795ed24nginx]docker_image.nginx: Destruction complete after 1s
Destroy complete! Resources: 2 destroyed.

Build an OCI VCN

This section assumes you have an OCI tenancy and the OCI CLI is installed

oci session authenticate

Enter learn-terraform for your profile name.
By default, this config will be visible in ~/.oci/config

The token has a 60 minute TTL. If you need to,  refresh using...

oci session refresh --profile learn-terraform

mkdir learn-terraform-oci

cd learn-terraform-oci

touch main.tf

terraform {  required_providers {    oci = {      source = "oracle/oci"    }  }}
provider "oci" {  region              = "uk-london-1"  auth                = "SecurityToken"  config_file_profile = "learn-terraform"}
resource "oci_core_vcn" "internal" {  dns_label      = "internal"  cidr_block     = "172.16.0.0/20"  compartment_id = "<your_tenancy_OCID_here>"  display_name   = "My internal VCN"}

terraform init

Initializing the backend...
Initializing provider plugins...- Finding latest version of oracle/oci...- Installing oracle/oci v5.11.0...- Installed oracle/oci v5.11.0 (signed by a HashiCorp partner, key ID 1533A49284137CEB)
Partner and community providers are signed by their developers.If you'd like to know more about provider signing, you can read about it here:https://www.terraform.io/docs/cli/plugins/signing.html
Terraform has created a lock file .terraform.lock.hcl to record the providerselections it made above. Include this file in your version control repositoryso that Terraform can guarantee to make the same selections by default whenyou run "terraform init" in the future.
Terraform has been successfully initialized!
You may now begin working with Terraform. Try running "terraform plan" to seeany changes that are required for your infrastructure. All Terraform commandsshould now work.
If you ever set or change modules or backend configuration for Terraform,rerun this command to reinitialize your working directory. If you forget, othercommands will detect it and remind you to do so if necessary.

terraform fmt

terraform validate

Applies a consistent format to all configurations in the current directory

Ensures the configuration is syntactically valid and internally consistent

Success! The configuration is valid.

terraform apply

Terraform used the selected providers to generate the following execution plan. Resource actions are indicated with the following symbols:  + create
Terraform will perform the following actions:
  # oci_core_vcn.internal will be created  + resource "oci_core_vcn" "internal" {      + byoipv6cidr_blocks               = (known after apply)      + cidr_block                       = "172.16.0.0/20"      + cidr_blocks                      = (known after apply)      + compartment_id                   = "ocid1.tenancy.oc1..aaaaaaaahdt5xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxy5dca"      + default_dhcp_options_id          = (known after apply)      + default_route_table_id           = (known after apply)      + default_security_list_id         = (known after apply)      + defined_tags                     = (known after apply)      + display_name                     = "My internal VCN"      + dns_label                        = "internal"      + freeform_tags                    = (known after apply)      + id                               = (known after apply)      + ipv6cidr_blocks                  = (known after apply)      + ipv6private_cidr_blocks          = (known after apply)      + is_ipv6enabled                   = (known after apply)      + is_oracle_gua_allocation_enabled = (known after apply)      + state                            = (known after apply)      + time_created                     = (known after apply)      + vcn_domain_name                  = (known after apply)    }
Plan: 1 to add, 0 to change, 0 to destroy.
Do you want to perform these actions?  Terraform will perform the actions described above.  Only 'yes' will be accepted to approve.
  Enter a value: yes
oci_core_vcn.internal: Creating...oci_core_vcn.internal: Creation complete after 1s [id=ocid1.vcn.oc1.uk-london-1.amaaaaaacyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyzqiq6q]
Apply complete! Resources: 1 added, 0 changed, 0 destroyed.

terraform show

# oci_core_vcn.internal:resource "oci_core_vcn" "internal" {    byoipv6cidr_blocks       = []    cidr_block               = "172.16.0.0/20"    cidr_blocks              = [        "172.16.0.0/20",    ]    compartment_id           = "ocid1.tenancy.oc1..aaaaaaaahdt5xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxy5dca"    default_dhcp_options_id  = "ocid1.dhcpoptions.oc1.uk-london-1.aaaaaaaaxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxb7plq"    default_route_table_id   = "ocid1.routetable.oc1.uk-london-1.aaaaaaaaxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx3a7pq"    default_security_list_id = "ocid1.securitylist.oc1.uk-london-1.aaaaaaaaxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx2vtca"    defined_tags             = {        "Oracle-Tags.CreatedBy" = "default/mike@mail.com"        "Oracle-Tags.CreatedOn" = "2023-09-02T15:45:54.512Z"    }    display_name             = "My internal VCN"    dns_label                = "internal"    freeform_tags            = {}    id                       = "ocid1.vcn.oc1.uk-london-1.amaaaaaacyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyzqiq6q"    ipv6cidr_blocks          = []    ipv6private_cidr_blocks  = []    is_ipv6enabled           = false    state                    = "AVAILABLE"    time_created             = "2023-09-02 15:45:54.66 +0000 UTC"    vcn_domain_name          = "internal.oraclevcn.com"}

terraform state list

oci_core_vcn.internal

Add a subnet

cd ~/learn-terraform-oci

vi main.tf

resource "oci_core_subnet" "dev" {  vcn_id                      = oci_core_vcn.internal.id  cidr_block                  = "172.16.0.0/24"  compartment_id              = "<your_compartment_OCID_here>"  display_name                = "Dev subnet 1"  prohibit_public_ip_on_vnic  = true  dns_label                   = "dev"}

terraform apply

oci_core_vcn.internal: Refreshing state... [id=ocid1.vcn.oc1.uk-london-1.amaaaaaacyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyzqiq6q]
Terraform used the selected providers to generate the following execution plan. Resource actions are indicated with the following symbols:  + create
Terraform will perform the following actions:
  # oci_core_subnet.dev will be created  + resource "oci_core_subnet" "dev" {      + availability_domain        = (known after apply)      + cidr_block                 = "172.16.0.0/24"      + compartment_id             = "ocid1.tenancy.oc1..aaaaaaaahdt5xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxy5dca"      + defined_tags               = (known after apply)      + dhcp_options_id            = (known after apply)      + display_name               = "Dev subnet 1"      + dns_label                  = "dev"      + freeform_tags              = (known after apply)      + id                         = (known after apply)      + ipv6cidr_block             = (known after apply)      + ipv6cidr_blocks            = (known after apply)      + ipv6virtual_router_ip      = (known after apply)      + prohibit_internet_ingress  = (known after apply)      + prohibit_public_ip_on_vnic = true      + route_table_id             = (known after apply)      + security_list_ids          = (known after apply)      + state                      = (known after apply)      + subnet_domain_name         = (known after apply)      + time_created               = (known after apply)      + vcn_id                     = "ocid1.vcn.oc1.uk-london-1.amaaaaaacyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyqiq6q"      + virtual_router_ip          = (known after apply)      + virtual_router_mac         = (known after apply)    }
Plan: 1 to add, 0 to change, 0 to destroy.
Do you want to perform these actions?  Terraform will perform the actions described above.  Only 'yes' will be accepted to approve.
  Enter a value: yes
oci_core_subnet.dev: Creating...oci_core_subnet.dev: Creation complete after 2s [id=ocid1.subnet.oc1.uk-london-1.aaaaaaaaxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxt56sa]
Apply complete! Resources: 1 added, 0 changed, 0 destroyed.

Change Subnet Name

cd ~/learn-terraform-oci

vi main.tf

resource "oci_core_subnet" "dev" {  vcn_id                      = oci_core_vcn.internal.id  cidr_block                  = "172.16.0.0/24"  compartment_id              = "<your_compartment_OCID_here>"  display_name                = "Dev subnet"  prohibit_public_ip_on_vnic  = true  dns_label                   = "dev"}

terraform apply

oci_core_vcn.internal: Refreshing state... [id=ocid1.vcn.oc1.uk-london-1.amaaaaaacyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyzqiq6q]oci_core_subnet.dev: Refreshing state... [id=ocid1.subnet.oc1.uk-london-1.aaaaaaaaxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxt56sa]
Terraform used the selected providers to generate the following execution plan. Resource actions are indicated with the following symbols:  ~ update in-place
Terraform will perform the following actions:
  # oci_core_subnet.dev will be updated in-place  ~ resource "oci_core_subnet" "dev" {      ~ display_name               = "Dev subnet 1" -> "Dev subnet"        id                         = "ocid1.subnet.oc1.uk-london-1.aaaaaaaaxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxt56sa"        # (17 unchanged attributes hidden)    }
Plan: 0 to add, 1 to change, 0 to destroy.
Do you want to perform these actions?  Terraform will perform the actions described above.  Only 'yes' will be accepted to approve.
  Enter a value: yes
oci_core_subnet.dev: Modifying... [id=ocid1.subnet.oc1.uk-london-1.aaaaaaaaxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxt56sa]oci_core_subnet.dev: Modifications complete after 0s [id=ocid1.subnet.oc1.uk-london-1.aaaaaaaaxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxt56sa]
Apply complete! Resources: 0 added, 1 changed, 0 destroyed.

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